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法律5 law 5

汉英法律专业词汇(法理、法制史、宪法学)

法学理论、法制史、宪法学

Jurisprudence, History of Legal Systems and Constitution

 

按照法律规定 according to law

按照确定的份额分享权力:be entitled to rights in proportion to his proper share of the credit

按照确定的份额分担义务:assume obligations in proportion to his proper share of the debt

案例教学法 case system

案例汇编 case book; case report; law report

柏拉图 Plato

《保护人权与基本自由公约》(1950) Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1950 (罗)

被视为 be deemed as

被宣布为非法 be outlawed; be declared illegal

比较法 comparative law

比较法学 comparative jurisprudence

比较法学派 school of comparative jurisprudence

比较法制史 comparative legal history

比较分析法 method of comparative analysis

比较刑法 comparative penal law

比较刑法学 comparative penal jurisprudence

必然因果关系 positive causal relationship

边缘法学 borderline jurisprudence

变通办法 adaptation; accommodation

补充规定 supplementary provision

补救办法 remedial measures

不成文法 unwritten law

不成文宪法 unwritten constitution

不动产所在地法律 law of the place where the real property is situated; lex loci rei immobilisci

不可分割的权利 impartible right

不可抗力 force majuere

不可侵犯性 inviolability

不可让与性 inalienability

不履行法律义务 non-performance of obligation

不要式行为 informal act

不要因的法律行为 non-causal juristic act

不因实效而丧失的权利 imprescriptible right

不作为 abstain from an act; act of omission

部门法 department law

部门规章 regulation

参照 consult

参照具体情况 in the light of actual conditions

参照原文 consult the original

查士丁尼法典 Code Justinian; Codex Justinianus

查士丁尼法规汇编 Authenticum

超出法律范围的 outside of law

超出法律权限的 extralegal

超过权限 exceed authority; beyond jurisdiction

成文法 written law

成文宪法 written constitution

冲突法 conflict of laws; rules of conflict

冲突规则 conflict rule; rule of conflict

除(本法)另有规定外 except for otherwise stipulated (by this law)

除外条款 provisory clause

除外责任条款 exclusion clause

触犯公共利益 encroach on the public interests

触犯国际利益 go against the state’s interests

触犯人民利益 encroach on the interests of the people; go against the people’s interests

传统法律观念 traditional ideas of law

纯粹法学 pure theory of law

次要法规 by law

次要规则 secondary rule

从宽解释原则 doctrine of liberal construction

从权利 accessory right

达到法定年龄 come of age

大法 the fundamental law

大法官 Lord High Chancellor

大法官法院 Court of Chancery

大陆法系 Continental Legal System

大律师 barrister

《大明律》Criminal Law of the Ming Dynasty (中)

大陪审团 grand jury

《大清律例》the Criminal Laws of the Qing Dynasty (中)

《大宪章》(1215) Great Charter, 1215(英)

单行法规 specific regulations

单一法律体系 unitary legal system

单一制政府 unitary government

但书 proviso

当代法学动向 current trend of jurisprudence

当然解释 natural interpretation

党纪国法 party discipline and the law of the country

道德规范 norm of morality

道德义务 moral obligation

《德国民法典》German Civil code

德拉古 Draco

地方各级人民代表大会 local people’s congresses at different levels

地方各级人民法院 local people’s courts at different levels

地方各级人民检察院 local people’s procuratorates at different levels

地方各级人民政府 local people’s governments at different levels

第二读 second reading

第三读 third reading

二元论the dualistic theory

二元君主立宪制 dual constitutional monarchy system

二元论 the dualistic theory

二元论者 dualist

二元制 bicameral system

法的本质 the nature of law

法的变化 changes of law

法的定义 definition of law

法的发展 development of law

法的分类 divisions of law

法的概念 concepts of law

法的规范作用 normalized usage of law

法的继承 succession of law

法的精神 spirit of law

法的可预测性 foreseeability of law

法的类型 types of law

法的历史类型的更替 the replacement of one historical mode of law by another

法的历史渊源 historical origin of law

法的连续性 continuity of law

法的内容 contexts of law

法的社会作用 social usage of law

法的生效 operation of law

法的实现 realization of law

法的特征 character of law

法的现象 legal phenomenon

法的消亡 withering away of law

法的形式渊源 formal source of law

法的要素 elements of law

法的渊源 source of law

法的职能 function of law

法的作用 role of law

法典 code; statute book

法典编纂 codification of codes

法定成年人的年龄 age of majority; legal age

法定程序 legal procedure

法定处罚 statutory penalty

法定代理人: agent ad litem

法定解释 statutory interpretation

法定量刑情节 legally prescribed circumstances of sentencing

法定年龄 legal age; lawful age

法定年龄限制 a statutory age limit

法定期间 prescribed time

法定期限 legal term

法定权利 legal right; right entitled by law

法定权限 limits of power prescribed by law

法定人数 quorum

法定日 appointed day

法定时间 appointed time

法定时效 statutory prescription

法定条件 legal condition

法定限制 statutory restrictions

法定效力 statutory force

法定刑 legally-prescribed punishment

法定形式 legal form

法定责任 statutory duty

法定追溯期 time of legal memory

法定最高刑 maximum statutory penalty; maximum statutory sentence

法官 judge

法官的自由裁量权 judge’s power of discretion

法官权力范围 extent of judge’s power

法官心证 judge’s mental impression

法官中立原则 Nemo debt esse judex in propria causa

法规编纂 condification of laws and regulations

法规的解释 interpretation of statutes

法规汇编 corpus of the laws and regulations

《法国民法典》Code Civile de Francais (法)

法理 jurisprudence; principle of law

法理学家 jurisprudent

法律保护 legal protection

法律编纂 codification

法律标准 legal standards

法律补救 legal redress

法律部门 legal department

法律草案 draft regulations

法律措施 legal measures

法律大全 Corpus legum

法律的本土化和改写 the localization and adaptiion of laws

法律的本质 essence of law

法律的地位 position of law

法律的定义 definition of law

法律的废止 abolishment of law

法律的公共秩序论 public order theory of law

法律的规范性 normalization of law

法律的继承 succession of law

法律的理想ideal of law

法律的权威 authority of law

法律的失效lapse of law

法律的实施administration of law; law enforcement

法律的适用application of law

法律的统一 unification of law

法律的推定 presumption of law

法律的推理 analogy of law

法律的完整性 integrity of law

法律的效力范围 force’s scale of law

法律的效力形式 force’s form of law

法律的修改alteration of law

法律的演进 evolutin of law

法律的原理 principle of law

法律地位平等equal in legal status

法律对人的效力personal act of law

编纂法律方法 legal methodology

法律分类 classification of law

法律赋予权力 authority conferred by law

法律改革 law reform

法律概念 legal concept

法律根据 legal basis

法律工作者 legal professional

法律关系legal relation

法律关系的运行 process of legal relation

法律关系客体 object of legal relation

法律关系主体 subject of legal relation

法律规定provisions of law

法律规范 norm of law

法律规范的逻辑结构 logical structure of legal rule

法律规则体系 system of legal rules

法律含义 intendment of law

法律另有规定:otherwise stipulated by law

法律现象legal phenomenon

法律研究legal research

法律要件 legal requirement

法律依据 legal basis

法律意见 legal advice

法律意见书 legal opinion

法律意识 law-consciousness

法律意义 legal sense

法律用语 legal language

法律与正义先验论 a prior theory of law and justice

法律渊源 source of law

法律原本注释 gloss

法律原理 legal doctrines

法律原则 principle of legality

法律援助legal aid

法律约束 legal binding; legal restraint

法律责任 legal responsibility

法律责任的道义基础 moral basic of legal obligation

法律责任的归结 imputaton of legal responsibility

法律责任的认定 determination of legal responsibility

法律责任的执行 enforcement of legal responsibility

法律责任客体 object of legal responsibility

法律责任主体 subject of legal responsibility

法律哲学 philosophy of law; philosophie du droit (法);philosophia juris

法律政策 policy of the law

法律职业道德 legal ethics

法律指导 legal counsel

法律制裁 legal sanction

法律制度 regime of law; legal system

法律秩序 legal order

法律主体资格 capacity as a subject of law

法律主张 proposition of law

法律属地原则 territoriality of laws

法律著述 legal literature

法律专家 legal expert

法律专业 legal profession

法律专著和教科书 legal treatise and textbook

法律咨询 legal advice

法律尊严 legal sanctity

法盲 legal illiterates

法权 right

法社会学 sociology of law

法系 legal system

法协会 law society

法学 jurisprudence

法学博士 doctor of jurisprudence

法学导论 leading principles of law

法学的范畴体系 the system of categories of jurisprudence

法学的范畴意识 the consciousness of category of jurisprudence

法学的基石范畴 fundamental categories of jurisprudence

法学方法 method of jurisprudence

法学方法论 methodology of jurisprudence

法学会 law society

法学教科书 law textbooks

法学理论 theory of law; legal theory

法学权威 an academic authority in law

法学士 bachelor of law

法学体系 system of jurisprudence

法学通论 first principles of law

法学院 faculty of law; law school

法医 forensic medicine

法医学 forensic medicine

法院 court

法院调查 judicial investigation

法院管辖权 competence of court

法院管辖以外的 extrajudicial

法院判决 court decision

法院系统 court structure

法院组织法 judicature act

法则 articles

法哲学 philosophy of law

法制legal institution

法制传统 tradition of law system

法制的精神 spirit of legality

法制的尊严 dignity of the legal system

法制观念 legal concept

法制观念淡薄 very weak in the understanding of law

法制教育 legal education; education of legal system

法制史 legal history; history of legal system

法治 rule of law

法治的机制 the mechanism of rule of law

法治的要素 the element of rule of law

非实质的 immaterial

非营利的 non-profit

非约束性条款 permissive provision

废止法律 annulment of law

分别管辖权 separate jurisdiction

分别财产制 separation of property regime

分别规定 separate provision

分担责任 share the responsibility

分工负责,互相配合,互相制约 divide responsibility for their own work; coordinate their efforts and check each other

分工负责制 division of labor responsibility system

分级管理 different levels holding different responsibilities

分配制度 distribution system

分析法理学 analytical jurisprudence

否决权 power veto; veto power

否认事实 denial of facts

服从法律 amenable to law; subject to the law

服从判决 accept a judgment

符合程序 be in order

符合法律 be in conformity with law

符合宪法 constitutionality

符合宪法的法律 constitutional law

符合原则 be in conformity with the principle

盖尤斯 Gaius

概括裁定 general verdict

概括继承 general succession

干扰司法公正 interference with course of justice

刚性条款 entrenched clause

刚性宪法 rigid constitution

岗位责任制 post responsibility system

高等法院 high court; high court of justice

高度集中 highly centralize

高度民主 high level of democracy

高度自治权 high degree of autonomy

高级法官 senior judge

高级法院superior court

高级人民法院 Higher People’s Court

高级人民检察院 Higher People’s Procuratortate

搁置 set aside; abeyance

格式条款 clause of style

公认的行为准则 established standard of conduct

规避法律 in fraud of law

规避义务 evade obligations

规范的法律规则 normative rule of law

规范法学 normative jurisprudence

规范性法律文件 normalizative document.of law

规范性法律文件的规范化 normalization of normative legal document.BR>
国际法international law

国际法学 international jurisprudence

过错方 tort-feasor; wrongdoer

过错推定原则 doctrine of presumption

过错责任 liability for wrongs; tort liability

海事法院 court of admiralty

《汉穆拉比法典》 Code of Hammurabi

合并条款 consolidation of provisions

合法的个人财产 legal personal property

合法地位 legal status

合法权益 the lawful rights and interests

合法行为 lawful acts; legality of purpose

合宪性 constitutionality

衡平法 equity

衡平法规则 rule of equity

衡平法学 equity jurisprudence

衡平法院 Court of Chancery (美);Court of Equity (英)

后法取代前法 A later statute takes away the effect of a prior one.

后法优于前法 lex posterior derogat priori

户籍所在地:the place where his residence is registered

互为因果 reciprocal causation

基本法 fundamental law

基本法律规范 basic norm of law

基本方针 basic policies

基本权利和义务 basic rights and duties

基本司法概念和假设 basic legal conception and assumption

技术性法规 technical legal rule

家庭法 family law

建立法律关系create legal relations

教会法 canon law

《教会法大全》Corpus Juris Canonici

教会法学家 decretalists

解释法律的技术规则 technical rule of interpretation

解释权 power of interpretation

近因 immediate cause

禁治产人 imbecile; interdicted person

经常居住地:habitual residence

经法律确认的 ascertained by law

经法律许可 authorized by law

经验法学 scholastic theories of law

纠问式审判 trial by inspection or examination

具有法律约束力的文件 legally binding instrument

具有同等效力的 with equal authenticity

具有约束力的判例 binding precedent

绝对衡平法 absolute equity

君主立宪制度 constitutional monarchy

开罗会议 Cairo Conference

凯恩斯主义 keynesianism

可撤销的法律行为 revocable juristic act

可让与性 alienability

可用法律强制执行的 enforceable at law

可预见的 foreseeable

可直接适用的法律 directly applicable law

可追溯的 retrospective

客观条件 objective condition

客观因素 objective factor

客体 object

扩充解释 amplified interpretation

理论法理学派 theoretical jurisprudence school

理性决定说 theory of rational decision

理性认识 conceptual knowledge

历史法学 historical jurisprudence

历史法学派 historical school of law

历史解释 historical interpretation

立法机构legislative body

立法权 law-making power; legislative power

立法委任权 legislation mandate

立法效力 legislative effect

立法议案 bills

立法者 law-maker; legislator

立宪 constitutionalism

利益冲突 conflict of interests

利害关系人interested person

连带法律关系 joint legal relations

连带责任 joint and several obligation

论理解释 logical interpretation

罗马法Roman Law; Jus Romanum

罗马法系 Roman-Law System

罗马皇帝优士丁尼一世 Justinian I

罗马法理学 jurisprudential

《罗马法律汇编》Roman Digest

罗马法学派 school of Romanists

罗马-日耳曼法系 Roman-Germanic family

罗马私法 Jus Privatum

逻辑解释 logical interpretation

马伯里诉麦迪逊案 Marbury vs. Madison

马克思主义法律理论 Marxism-leninism

马克思主义法学 Marxist jurisprudence

马克思主义法学家 Marxist jurist

没有事实根据的 unsubstantial

美国国际法协会 American Institute of International Law

美国海事法庭 Admiralty Courts of the U.S.A.

美国联邦地区法院 United States district courts

美国联邦法官 federal judge

没有法律依据的 lawless

没有判决先例的案件 case of first impression

《民法大全》Corpus Juris Civilis

民法典 civil code

民法法系Civil-Law System

民法通则: General Principles of the Civil Law

民法学 science of civil law

民事案件中“占有优势证据”的原则 “by a preponderance of evidence” in civil cases

民事权利能力:the capacity for civil rights

民事权益:civil rights and interests

民事诉讼法学 Civil Procedure Law

民事制裁 civil punishment; civil sanction

民政部门:the civil affairs department

明代法规 laws and regulations of Ming Dynasty

明示或默示的 express or implied

默示表达 communication by implication

拿破仑法典  The Code Napolean

内部规章 internal regulations

纳妾制 concubinage

南京条约 (1843) Treaty of Nanking, 1843

拟制理论 fiction theory

拟制买卖 mancipatio

欧洲大陆法 continental law

偶然权利 contingent right

偶然因果关系 fortuitous causal relationship

偶然因素 accidentalia

偶因 accidental cause

排他的权利 right to exclude all others

派生的权利 derived right

派生取得 derivative acquisition

判例法系 Case Law System

普通法法系 Common-Law System

判例法系 Case Law System

判例汇编 reports; reports of judgments

普通法 common law

普通法法系 Common-Law System

普通法上的补偿 common-law remedy

普通法上的过失 common-law negligence

普通法上的留置权 common-law lien

普通法学 general jurisprudence

强制办法 coercive method

强制规定 mandatory provisions

强制性法规 mandatory rule of law

强制性条款 mandatory term

侵犯财产权 property torts

侵权行为法 tort law

侵权责任 tortious liability

清理法规 check up laws and regulations

区域性法律体系 regional system of laws

取证 obtain evidence

确权之诉 affirmative petitory action; cause for ownership affirmation

确认之诉 action for confirmation; actio confessoria

权威解释 authentic interpretation

人法 human law, statute personalia

人格减等 capitis deminutio

人身不可侵犯 inviolability of the person

人身非财产关系 personal non-property relations

人身关系 personal relation

任意解释 arbitrary interpretation

《日耳曼法》Germanic law

柔性宪法 flexible constitution

三权分立 separation of powers

善意推定 presumption of good faith

商法 commercial law

商法典 code of commerce

社会法学 sociological jurisprudence

社会关系 social relations

社会规范 social regulation

社会连带主义法学 social solidarism jurisprudence

社会契约论 theory of social contract

社会团体:social organization

社会主义法学 socialist jurisprudence

社会主义法制 socialist legal system; socialist rule of law

神法 divine law

神权说 theory of divine right

审查制度 censorship; inspection system

审计监督 supervise through auditing

审计监督权 power to supervise through auditing

生效条款 operative clause

失效法律 expired laws

失效日 expiry date

施行细则 implementary provisions

实证主义法学派 the positivist school

《十二表法》 Twelve Tables

实体法 material law; substantial law

实体法上的抗辩 substantial defense

实体权利 substantive right

实用主义法学 judicial pragmaticism

实在法 positive law

实在法学 positive jurisprudence

实在法学派 positivist

实在主义法学 positivist jurisprudence

实证法学 positive jurisprudence

实质条款 material stipulation

实质性的瑕疵 defect of substance

实质性解释 material interpretation

事实的推定 presumption of fact

事业单位:institution

适用法律 reference to the law; applicable law

适用范围 area of application; sphere of application

适用中国法律:be governed by the law of PRC (The law of PRC shall apply to)

溯及既往原则 doctrine of retroactivity

溯及力 retrospect; retrospective effect

损害赔偿 damages

梭伦 Solon

弹性宪法 elastic constitution

特别程序 special procedure

特别但书 special proviso

特别法 special law

特殊主体 special subject

提案motion; overture; proposal

提出抗辩 raise a plea; raise a plead

条约法 law of treaties

同态复仇 retaliation

推定合法presumption of legality

停止生效cease to have effect

外国法 foreign law

外国法制史 foreign legal history

外国人待遇 foreigner treatment

完全民事权利能力:full capacity for civil conduct

完全丧失行为能力的人 person entirely incapable of legal transaction

完全无行为能力 absolute disability

万民法 jus gentium

违法构成要件 essential condition of delict

违宪 violation of constitution

乌尔比安 Ulpianus

无国籍人:stateless persons

无条件解释 unconditional interpretation

无效的法律 void law

无效法律行为 void act; act without legal effect

物权 property

西塞罗 Marcus Tullius Cicero

习惯法custom law

细则 detailed rules and regulations; details by-laws

狭义解释 narrow definition

下文另有规定者除外 except as hereinafter provided

先决条件 precedent condition; prerequisite

现实主义法学 realism jurisprudence

现行法律 current law; existing law

限制解释 restrictive interpretation

宪法的解释 interpretation of constitution

宪法修正案 constitution amendment

宪法学 constitutional jurisprudence

相对主义法学 relativist jurisprudence

新分析法学 new analytical jurisprudence

新律 New Law , Novellae

行为规范 code of conduct

学说编纂 the Pandekta

形式主义法学 formalist jurisprudence

亚里士多德 Aristotle

严格解释 strict interpretation

严重不法行为 aggravated misconduct; gross misbehavior

严重违法 break the law on a serious scale

要件 important condition; essential condition

一般客体 general object

一般权利能力 general legal capacity

一般主体 general subject

一事不再理的保证 guarantee against double jeorpardy

依法办案 handle cases according to law

依法独立行使职权 independent exercise of powers within the framework of the law

依照法律的规定 as prescribed by law

以法律为准绳 take law as the criterion

依法治国 genuine rule of law; running the country according to law

义务性规范 obligatory rule

义务主体 subject of duty

英美法系 Anglo-American Legal System

永恒法 eternal law

优士丁尼法典 the Codex Justinianus

优士丁尼皇帝 Justinian

《优士丁尼民法大全》(《国法大全》)Corpus Juris Civilis

有法必依 ensure that laws are observed

有法律约束力 legally binding

有条件解释 conditional interpretation

有效期间 time of effect; term of validity

与法律规定不符 against the forms of the statute

与法律相抵触的行为act going against the law

域外效力 extraterritorial effect

援引法律条文 invoke a legal provision

(古罗马的)元老院 the Senate

约束力 binding; binding effect

在法律的范围内 within the law

暂行条例interim regulations; provisional regulation

整体法学 integrative jurisprudence

正当权益 justified rights; legitimate interests

正式解释 official interpretation

正式渊源 formal source

政法学院 institute of political science and law

知法犯法 deliberately break the law

执法必严 ensure that law’s enforcement be strict

执法人员 law enforcement officials

执行权 enforcement power

直接故意 actual intent; direct intent

直接后果 immediate consequence

直接客体 direct object

直接主体 direct subject

制定法 statute

制宪权constituent power

治外法权 extraterritoriality; extraterritorial jurisdiction

中端时效 interrupt the running of the statute of limitation

中国大陆的法律 law of China’s mainland

中国法制 Chinese legal system

中国法制史 Chinese legal history

中国特色的社会主义法制 socialist legal system with Chinese character

中华法系 Chinese legal system

《中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法》the Basic law of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China

主要法律体系principal legal system

自然法 natural law

自然法学派 natural law school

组成合议庭开庭审理:form a collegial panel to conduct the trial

最高国家权力机关 highest organ of state power

最高人民法院的解释 interpretation of supreme people’s court

遵循先例原则 The Doctrine of Stare

作为或不作为 act or omission
刑法学、行政法学 Criminal Laws and Administrative Laws

帮助当事人毁灭、伪造证据罪 crime of aiding a client to destroy or forge evidence

绑架妇女儿童罪 crime of kidnapping women and children

包庇、纵容黑社会性质组织罪 crime of harboring a mafia-style syndicate

包庇毒品犯罪分子罪 crime of harboring drug criminals

报复陷害罪case of retaliation and frame-ups

必要共同犯罪 indispensable joint crime

并科原则 doctrine of cumulating punishments

剥夺权利deprival of rights

不能犯 impossibility; unrealized offense

参加恐怖活动组织罪 crime of taking part in an organization engaged in terrorist activities

超越管辖权 excess of jurisdiction

超越职权范围 overstep one’s authority

惩办和宽大相结合combine punishment with leniency

惩办少数、改造多数的原则 principle of punishing the few and reforming the many

惩罚措施 punitive measure

惩罚性制裁 punitive sanction

惩罚与教育相结合 combination of punishment and education

处以刑罚 inflict punishment

处以有期徒刑 sentence to fixed-term imprisonment

触犯法律 break the law; violate the law

抽逃出资罪 crime of flight of capital contribution

抽象行政行为 abstract administrative act

出口骗税犯罪活动 criminal activities of cheating out of tax rebates in export

出售伪造发票罪 crime of selling counterfeit currency

出于对法律的无知 from ignorance of law

出于恶意 from malevolence

从轻处罚 gie a lesser punishment

从重处罚 give a severer punishment

单位受贿罪 crime of bribe taken by a unit

单一犯罪构成 single constitution of crime

盗伐林木罪 crime of illegally chopping down trees; crime of illegally felling trees

盗窃、抢夺枪支、弹药、爆炸物罪 crime of stealing or seizing guns, ammunition or explosives

盗窃犯 theft act; larcenist

渎职犯罪案件case of dereliction of duty

对象不能犯 object impossibility

多次作案 repeatedly commit crimes

罚不当罪 punishment does not fit the crime

犯意 criminal intent; mens real

犯罪低龄化 lowering ages of criminal offenders

犯罪动机 criminal motive

犯罪构成 constitution of a crime; constitutive elements of a crime

犯罪构成要件 special constitutive elements of crime

犯罪故意 criminal intent; guilty intent; meas rea

犯罪集团 criminal gang; criminal group

犯罪客观要件 objective circumstances of a crime

犯罪客体 criminal object; object of a crime

犯罪实行终了 completion of a criminal act

犯罪学 criminology

犯罪预防 crime prevention

犯罪中止 discontinuance of crime; desistance of crime

犯罪主观方面要素 subjective elements of crime

犯罪主体 subject of crime

犯罪着手 initiate a crime

犯罪组织 criminal organization

贩卖毒品罪 drug offense; crime of drug trafficking

防卫过当 unjustifiable self-defense

防卫挑拨 instigation of defense; provocation of defense

防卫限度 limit of defense

防止类似事件重演 prevent the recurrence of similar incidents

妨碍公务罪 crime of disrupting public service

妨害公共安全罪 crime of impairing public security

放弃权利 withdraw a claim; waive a right

非法持、私藏枪支、弹药罪 crime of illegally holding or hiding a firearm or ammunition

非法持有毒品罪 crime of illegally holding drugs

非法干涉 illegal intervention

非法干预 unlawful interference

非法出售增值税专用发票罪 crime of illegal selling invoice for exclusive use of VAT

非法活动 unlawful activities

非法利益 unlawful interests

非法手段 illegal means

非强制性行政行为 non-coercive form of administrative action

非正式的 informal; irregular

非政府机关 non-governmental organization

非主要条件 non-essential stipulation

非专业的 non-professional

诽谤罪 crime of defamation

隔地犯 offense of segregation by location

隔时犯 offense of segregation by time

工具不能犯 impossibility of instruments

故意犯罪 calculated crime; intentional crime

故意杀人罪 crime of intentional homicide

故意伤害罪 crime of willful and malicious injury

管辖:jurisdiction

惯犯 habitual criminal

惯例 custom and usage

过失犯罪 criminal negligence; involuntary crime; negligent crime

国家赔偿案件 case of state compensation

国家赔偿的归责原则 principle of culpability for state compensation

国家赔偿的双重过错原则 principle of dual faults for state compensation

国家赔偿法 state compensation law

国家赔偿主体 subject of state compensation

国家权力机关 state authority

国际审判机关 state judicial organs

国家行政机关 state administrative organs

国家意志 state’s will

国家职能 function of the state

国民待遇 national treatment

黑社会性质的犯罪集团 gangland criminal syndicate; mafia-style criminal gang

缓期二年执行 with a two-year reprieve

缓刑 probate cessat executio

集合犯 aggregate offense; collective offense

既遂犯 accomplished crime

继承法 inheritance law

继续犯 continuous crime

加重处罚 give an aggravated punishment beyond the maximum prescribed

假冒他人注册商标罪 crime of counterfeiting the registered trademark of another

假释 parole

假想防卫 imaginative defense

假想数罪 imaginatively several crimes

简单共同犯罪 simple joint crime

间接故意 indirect intent; indirect iintentino

教唆未遂 attempt of solicitation

劫持船只、汽车罪 crime of hijacking a ship or an automobile

劫持航空器罪 crime of skyjacking

结果犯 consequential offen

结果加重犯 aggregated consequential offense

结合犯 combinative crime; integrated offense se

拒不执行人民法院判决、裁定罪 crime of refusing o execute judgments or orders of the People’s Court

具结悔过 make a statement of repentence

具体行政行为 specific administrative act

具体罪名concrete accusation

绝对不确定法定刑 absolutely indeterminate statutory punishment

军人违反职责罪 crimes of soldiers violating military dutie

抗税罪 offense of resisting taxes

客体不能犯 object impossibility

空白罪状 blank facts about a crime

滥伐林木罪 crime of illegal denudation

累犯 recidivist; repeat offender; cumulative offense

连续犯罪 continuing crime

量刑 criterion for sentencing; sentencing criterion

量刑不当 criterion for sentence

量刑幅度 extent for discretionary action of sentencing

虐待罪 crime of abusing member of one’s family

挪用公款案 case of misappropriation of public funds

偶犯 casual offender; casual offense

情节加重犯 aggravated offense by circumstances

情节特别严重 when the circumstances are particularly wicked

情节严重、构成犯罪的 when the circumstances are so serious as to constitute a crime

取保候审 post a bail and await trial with restricted liberty of moving

扰乱公共场所秩序罪 crime of disturbing order at public places

刑法 criminal law

刑罚 penalty; punishment

刑事责任能力 criminal capacity

行政法 administrative law; executive law

行政法规 administrative laws and regulations

行政法学 administrative jurisprudence

行政解释 administrative interpretation

行政救济 administrative remedy

预防犯罪 anti-crime

治安管理 security administration

治安条例 security regulations
债转股
debt-to-equity swap

港元的联系汇率制
the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar

坏帐、呆帐、死帐
bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan

反倾销措施
anti-dumping measures against...

通货紧缩
deflation

通货膨胀
inflation

非配额产品
quota-free products

非生产性投资
investment in non-productive projects

风险管理/评估
risk management/ assessment

风险基金
venture capital

风险准备金
loan loss provision/ provisions of risk

搞活国有大中型企业
revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises

规模经济
scale economy/ economies of scale

国合企业(即国有合作社)
state-owned cooperatives

国际收支
balance of international payments/ balance of payment

国际收支不平衡
disequilibrium of balance of payment

国家补贴
public subsidies

国家现汇结存
state foreign exchange reserves

合理引导消费
guide rational consumption

季节性调价
seasonal price adjustments

既成事实
established/accomplished facts

技工贸结合的科技型企业
scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological development with industrial and trade development

劳动密集性企业
labor-intensive enterprises

乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费
unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises

千年问题、千年虫
millennium bug

企业技术改造
technological updating of enterprises

企业亏损补贴
subsidies to cover enterprise losses

实行国民待遇
grant the national treatment to

平等互利、讲求实效、形式多

样、共同发展的方针
 
pursuing practical results, adopting various ways and seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity and mutual development

瓶颈制约
"bottleneck" restrictions

 
 

 

市场准人的行政管理措施
AAMA: Administrative Aspects of Market Access

亚太工商咨询理事会
ABAC: APEC Business Advisory Council

亚太商业论坛
ABF: APEC Business Forum

亚太通讯与数据系统
ACDS: APEC Communications and Database System

亚太中小企业技术交流与培训中心
ACTETSME: APEC Center for Technology Exchange and Training for Small and Medium Enterprises

亚洲开发银行
ADB: Asian Development Bank

亚太经合组织经济领导人会议
AELM: APEC Economic Leaders Meeting

东盟自由贸易区
AFTA: ASEAN Free Trade Area

亚太经合组织部长级会议
AMM: APEC MinisteriaI Meeting

澳新紧密经济关系协定
ANZCERTA: Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement

亚太商业网络
APB-Net: Asia-Pacific Business Network

亚太经济合作组织
APEC: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation

亚太能源研究中心
APERC: Asia Pacific Energy Research Center

亚太信息基础设施
APII: Asia-Pacific Information Infrastructure

亚太实验室认可合作
APLAC: Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation

亚太法定计量论坛
APLMF: Asia Pacific Legal Metrology Forum

亚太计量程序
APMP: Asia Pacific Metrology Program

东南亚国家联盟
ASEAN: Association of South-East Asian Nations

亚欧会议
ASEM: Asia-Europe Meeting

农业技术合作
ATC: Agricultural Technical Cooperation

 
 

 

民事
civil

民事
civil affairs;affairs relating to civil law

民事上的占有
civil possesion

民事上的没收
civil forfeiture

民事上诉
civil appeal

民事主体
civil subject

民事法律关系
civil legal relationship

民事活动
activity relating to civil law

民事纠纷
civil dispute

民事客体
civil object

民事原告
civil plaintiff

民事被告
civil defendant

民事指控
civil charge

民事案件
civil case

民事过失
civil negligence

民事责任事故
accident involving civil liability

民事补偿
civil remedy

民事诉讼
civil action

民事损害
civil injury

民事债务
civil debt

民事管辖
civil jurisdiction

民事制裁
civil sanction

民事审判
civil trial

民事调解
civil mediation

民事罚款
civil penalty

民事权利争议
dispute concerning private rights

民事权利剥夺
deprived of private rights

民事权利请求
civil claim

民事权利变更
alternation of private right

民政
civil administraion

 
 

 

民事权利与责任
civil right and liability

民事权利
civil right

人身权利
jura personarum; rights of the person

人格权
right of personality

上诉权
right of appeal

不受时效限制权
imprescriptible right

立遗嘱权
right to make a will

合法权利
legal right

共有权
communal tenure

求偿权
recoupment; recourse

居住权
right of habitation

使用权
right of use

委任权
power of pocuration

财产权
proprietatis; property right

财产让与权
benefit of cession

起诉权
right of action

采光权
right of ancient lights

专用权
sole right of use

专有权
exclusive power

专利申请权
clailm of patent application

控告权
right of complaint

答辩权
right of reply

解释权
right to interpret

经济权利
economic right

债的请求权
debt claim

监护权
guardianship

选择权
right of choice

转卖权
right of resale

 
 

 

(当事方为进行仲裁或接受国际法院的管辖权而签订的)协定
compromis: a special agreement between States to submit a particular issue either to an arbitral tribunal or to the International Court of Justice

事实上
de facto: existing as a matter of fact rather than of right

法律上
de jure: as a matter of legal right

根据公允及善意的原则
ex aeque et bono: as a result of fair dealing and good conscience

出于善意的
ex gratia: done as a matter of favour (An ex gratia payment is one not required to be made by a legal duty.)

依职权而自然获得
ex officio: by virtue of holding an office

事后的;溯及既往的
ex post facto: by a subsequent act (describing any legal act, such as a statute, which has retrospective effect)

主动的,自愿的
ex proprio motu(ex mero motu): of his own motion

不可抗力
force majueure(法语): irresistible compulsion or coercion

强制法
jus cogens(ius congens): coercive law; a rule or principle in international law that is so fundamental that it bins all states and does not allow any exceptions

万民法,万国法,国际法
jus gentium: the law of people; international law

法无明文不处罚
nulla poena sine lege: no penalty(punishment) without a law

法无明文不为罪
nullum crimen sine lege: no crime without a law

条约必须遵守原则
pact sunt servand: a pact is not to be surrendered (agreements are to be kept)

自身,本身;本质上
per se

不受欢迎的人(personna grata 受欢迎的人)
personna non-grata

初步的,表面上的
prima facie: at first appearance; on the face of things

情势变迁原则
rebus sic standibus: change of circumstances

无主物
res nullius: an asset susceptible of acquisition but presently under the ownership or sovereignty of no legal person

未确定时日的
sine die: without a date

越权行为(与intra vires相对)
ultra vires(act)

占领地保有原则
uti possidetis

 
 

v Lesson Six
 

民事责任
civil liability

不履行法律责任
omission

共同连带责任
joint and separate responsibility

完全责任
full liability

侵权责任
liability for tort

连带责任
joint liability

财产责任
property liability

过失责任
fault liability

替代责任
vicarious liability

无限责任
unlimited liability

单独责任
solitary liability

道德责任
moral obligation

监护责任
liability of guardian

严格责任赔偿
strict liability

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